You must cite all of your sources (including websites). The citation format used in most courses is the format of the Modern Language Association of America, usually called MLA style. For more information about MLA style, see the MLA handbook (Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers . New York: The Modern Language Association of America, 1999), which is available in the library. For quick reference, see the library's Bibliographic Citations Format handout (below) which describes the citation format for various material types.  Science teachers may require the citation format of the American Psychological Association.

You may be required to cite your sources in text -- in a paper, or on a poster, Powerpoint presentation, or video project. If so, refer to the library's Parenthetical Documentation Handout (below), which explains how to create these in MLA style.  Alternatively, you may be asked to include Footnotes or Endnotes; please refer to the Footnotes/Endnotes Handout (below) for assistance.

An annotated bibliography is a list of citations of a variety of sources (books, articles, videos, websites, etc.) that also has a short paragraph describing and evaluating each particular source. This paragraph is called an annotation. Each annotation should briefly cover CONTENT, INTENDED AUDIENCE, ILLUSTRATIONS, and UNIQUE FEATURES. The paragraph should be single spaced with the first line indented.

• Gann Academy Bibliographic Citations Format handout
• Gann Academy Parenthetical Documentation handout
• Gann Academy Footnotes/Endnotes handout
• Gann Academy Sample Bibliography handout

Helpful Websites:

Citation Style for Research Papers
Long Island University Library, includes links to the AMA, APA, Chicago, MLA, and Turabian styles.

APA and MLA Citation Formats
Leslie University

MLA Documentation
The Writing Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Bibliographic Style Handbook
Writers' Workshop, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign